Do You Know Why Heartbeats
Make A Noise
Do you know... Why
heartbeats make a noise...
Which is the most difficult
food to digest... Why
pinpricks on the fingertips
are more painful than on the
buttocks... The secrets and mysteries
of the human body never cease to
fascinate. Here below, we unravel a
few...
Can a small child recognize its mother
by smell?
Since human babies are born in
hospitals and clinics, it has been
possible to make some very interesting
observations on their reactions. For
many years it was thought that these
crying, wriggling, red-faced parcels
needed only milk, warmth and
cleanliness and, as a very minor
consideration, an infrequent tickle
under the chin from the mother. This
was measured by the strict discipline
of these institutions. Now, experiments
based on commonsense are under way,
in order to overturn the rigidity of the
established rules.
It is now known that a new-born child
recognizes his mother's milk. If he is
offered several teats impregnated
with milk from various mothers, he will
grope with his little mouth towards the
one which has his mother's smell and
taste.
A baby also reacts to his mother's
voice. Whilst he is growing inside the
womb, he hears her voice. But it
sounds deeper in his warm, cosy world.
After birth, he recognizes these sounds
among all the others which now reach
his tiny ear. For him they represent
well-known, friendly signals in a
strange world.
As for the mother's smell, children are
aware of it for a very long time after
birth. Up to the age of two years,
they can recognize their mother's
sweater from among others,
practically every time. There are
obviously odours which are so slight
that adults appear not to notice them,
but babies and children do.
We know that in herds consisting of
hundreds of animals, mothers and
young recognize each other. Why has
it taken so long for humans to find
out whether there are links between
human mothers and babies based on
taste, sound or smell - and whether
this could be important for the
balanced development of children?
Maybe previously there were more
urgent problems. Now, however, the
field of research and observation is
expanding, and, more importantly,
experts in all areas are pooling their
knowledge and working together
Where do these sounds come from?
The first sound you hear, the one
which says 'lub', is caused by the rapid
closure of the valve between the
auricles and the ventricles (auriculo-
ventricular valves). This sound, rather
like a door closing, is accompanied by a
dull murmur, caused by the contraction
of the ventricular muscles.
The second sound is caused by the
closing of the arterial valves.
As for the third sound, this
corresponds to the arrival of the blood
being expelled forcefully from the
auricles into the ventricles.
Do blood groups vary according to
race?
Experts studying different human
populations are very interested in the
distribution of blood groups. For
example, it has been noted that
Amerindians (American Indians) are
practically always blood group O. There
are very few pure Amerindians with
blood group A, and group B is
conspicuous by its absence. Asiatics
have far more members of group B
than Europeans. Among Europeans,
blood group A dominates.
As for other blood-grouping systems,
they also show differences. When they
are studied, they enable us to
reconstruct or confirm the history and
comings and goings of a population to
or from a particular region or country.
Why do we sometimes get a stitch?
When we run without having done much
training, we often get what is called a
'stitch', a sudden sharp pain which
forces the runner to stop.
Running calls for great muscular
effort. 'Effort' means 'energy
consumption'. When the muscles are
working, they require more fuel (sugar,
for example), and oxygen to burn up
the fuel, than when they are at rest.
Only the blood can transport what
they require. Likewise, the blood also
carries away the waste products
resulting from this effort: lactic acid
and carbon dioxide. The heart,
therefor, increases its rhythm to
circulate the blood more quickly.
Breathing becomes more important,
because this puts oxygen into the blood
and removes carbon dioxide from the
blood. The muscles used for breathing
also undergo intense exercise, but they
are not responsible for the sharp,
painful 'stitch' in the left-hand side.
What causes the pain when we run too
quickly or for too long, is a
contraction, or cramp, of the spleen.
Why does a child have to learn to walk
on two feet?
It still seems curious that if a child is
reared away from his natural
surroundings, that is, far away from
the company of people, he does not
walk on two feet, but on all four like
the animals around him. However, it is
also true that the new-born child has
a natural instinct for walking on two
feet. Immediately after birth, doctors
check a certain number of reflexes
(involuntary actions), including the
reflex for walking. When the baby is
held so that his feet are on a firm
surface, he straightens his legs as if
to stand and lifts one leg as if to take
a step. This is known as the 'step
reflex'.
These reflexes disappear shortly after
birth as the nervous system matures
and learned movements become
possible.
Why do heartbeats make noise?
It is impossible to put your ear to your
chest to listen to your own heart
beating. And not everybody has a
stethoscope to listen to his
neighbour's. However, films and
documentaries have let you hear the
very characteristic rhythmic beat,
which modern composers have
sometimes imitated in their music. It is
the heart valves that produce the
familiar double heart-beat sound,
known to doctors as 'lub' and 'dup'.
The first sound which lasts for
approximately one-tenth of a second,
is dull and muffled; the second, which
follows fairly closely, is shorter and
sharper. These two sounds are followed
by a relative silence (approximately
half a second for a person at rest).
Sometimes a third sound is heard, one-
tenth of a second after the second
sound.
Make A Noise
Do you know... Why
heartbeats make a noise...
Which is the most difficult
food to digest... Why
pinpricks on the fingertips
are more painful than on the
buttocks... The secrets and mysteries
of the human body never cease to
fascinate. Here below, we unravel a
few...
Can a small child recognize its mother
by smell?
Since human babies are born in
hospitals and clinics, it has been
possible to make some very interesting
observations on their reactions. For
many years it was thought that these
crying, wriggling, red-faced parcels
needed only milk, warmth and
cleanliness and, as a very minor
consideration, an infrequent tickle
under the chin from the mother. This
was measured by the strict discipline
of these institutions. Now, experiments
based on commonsense are under way,
in order to overturn the rigidity of the
established rules.
It is now known that a new-born child
recognizes his mother's milk. If he is
offered several teats impregnated
with milk from various mothers, he will
grope with his little mouth towards the
one which has his mother's smell and
taste.
A baby also reacts to his mother's
voice. Whilst he is growing inside the
womb, he hears her voice. But it
sounds deeper in his warm, cosy world.
After birth, he recognizes these sounds
among all the others which now reach
his tiny ear. For him they represent
well-known, friendly signals in a
strange world.
As for the mother's smell, children are
aware of it for a very long time after
birth. Up to the age of two years,
they can recognize their mother's
sweater from among others,
practically every time. There are
obviously odours which are so slight
that adults appear not to notice them,
but babies and children do.
We know that in herds consisting of
hundreds of animals, mothers and
young recognize each other. Why has
it taken so long for humans to find
out whether there are links between
human mothers and babies based on
taste, sound or smell - and whether
this could be important for the
balanced development of children?
Maybe previously there were more
urgent problems. Now, however, the
field of research and observation is
expanding, and, more importantly,
experts in all areas are pooling their
knowledge and working together
Where do these sounds come from?
The first sound you hear, the one
which says 'lub', is caused by the rapid
closure of the valve between the
auricles and the ventricles (auriculo-
ventricular valves). This sound, rather
like a door closing, is accompanied by a
dull murmur, caused by the contraction
of the ventricular muscles.
The second sound is caused by the
closing of the arterial valves.
As for the third sound, this
corresponds to the arrival of the blood
being expelled forcefully from the
auricles into the ventricles.
Do blood groups vary according to
race?
Experts studying different human
populations are very interested in the
distribution of blood groups. For
example, it has been noted that
Amerindians (American Indians) are
practically always blood group O. There
are very few pure Amerindians with
blood group A, and group B is
conspicuous by its absence. Asiatics
have far more members of group B
than Europeans. Among Europeans,
blood group A dominates.
As for other blood-grouping systems,
they also show differences. When they
are studied, they enable us to
reconstruct or confirm the history and
comings and goings of a population to
or from a particular region or country.
Why do we sometimes get a stitch?
When we run without having done much
training, we often get what is called a
'stitch', a sudden sharp pain which
forces the runner to stop.
Running calls for great muscular
effort. 'Effort' means 'energy
consumption'. When the muscles are
working, they require more fuel (sugar,
for example), and oxygen to burn up
the fuel, than when they are at rest.
Only the blood can transport what
they require. Likewise, the blood also
carries away the waste products
resulting from this effort: lactic acid
and carbon dioxide. The heart,
therefor, increases its rhythm to
circulate the blood more quickly.
Breathing becomes more important,
because this puts oxygen into the blood
and removes carbon dioxide from the
blood. The muscles used for breathing
also undergo intense exercise, but they
are not responsible for the sharp,
painful 'stitch' in the left-hand side.
What causes the pain when we run too
quickly or for too long, is a
contraction, or cramp, of the spleen.
Why does a child have to learn to walk
on two feet?
It still seems curious that if a child is
reared away from his natural
surroundings, that is, far away from
the company of people, he does not
walk on two feet, but on all four like
the animals around him. However, it is
also true that the new-born child has
a natural instinct for walking on two
feet. Immediately after birth, doctors
check a certain number of reflexes
(involuntary actions), including the
reflex for walking. When the baby is
held so that his feet are on a firm
surface, he straightens his legs as if
to stand and lifts one leg as if to take
a step. This is known as the 'step
reflex'.
These reflexes disappear shortly after
birth as the nervous system matures
and learned movements become
possible.
Why do heartbeats make noise?
It is impossible to put your ear to your
chest to listen to your own heart
beating. And not everybody has a
stethoscope to listen to his
neighbour's. However, films and
documentaries have let you hear the
very characteristic rhythmic beat,
which modern composers have
sometimes imitated in their music. It is
the heart valves that produce the
familiar double heart-beat sound,
known to doctors as 'lub' and 'dup'.
The first sound which lasts for
approximately one-tenth of a second,
is dull and muffled; the second, which
follows fairly closely, is shorter and
sharper. These two sounds are followed
by a relative silence (approximately
half a second for a person at rest).
Sometimes a third sound is heard, one-
tenth of a second after the second
sound.
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